What is Commercial Debt Collection?

Commercial debt collection is a critical aspect of financial management for businesses across various industries. It involves the recovery of outstanding debts owed by commercial entities, such as other businesses or organisations, for goods delivered or services rendered on credit terms. 

Commercial debt collection encompasses a range of processes and strategies aimed at negotiating, settling, and recovering debts while adhering to legal and ethical standards. Read further as we explain the difficulties of commercial debt collection, examining its importance, processes, challenges, and best practices.

Key Takeaways:

• We provide a comprehensive overview of commercial debt collection, covering its significance, processes, challenges, and best practices. 
• In the article, we emphasize the importance of creating robust agreements with clear payment terms and repercussions for late payments. 
• We outline the steps involved in commercial debt collection, including initiating contact, negotiation, and escalation strategies.

Understanding the Commercial Debt Collection Process

Commercial debt collection is the process of the recovery of outstanding amounts of money owed by one commercial entity to another. This can be because an invoice was not paid on time or an unpaid, contractually owed amount became a commercial debt. 

The entity owed money is called a "creditor," and the one owing the money is the "debtor." Debt collection is a regulated business in most countries, but commercial debt collection is usually not regulated. Commercial debt collectors collect only from those individuals acting in a business capacity or commercial entities such as private and publicly owned companies worldwide. 

Businesses with "b2b" (business-to-business) models enter into commercial agreements, often called “Client Agreements” with contractual obligations that both parties must fulfil according to the terms of the agreement and the jurisdiction which governs it. Collecting commercial debt can be difficult for creditor companies and individuals acting in a business capacity, especially when they find themselves overwhelmed with many debtors and the debt has been outstanding for a long time. Aged debt impacts cash flow, and often, this can cause some businesses to struggle or close. If you are a creditor who is owed money, fortunately, there are ways to make it a little easier on yourself using these steps.

Creating Strong Agreements

Before entering into any agreement with clients, ensure you have a firm contract. The commercial terms of your agreement should be as straightforward as possible, reflecting as closely as possible the workflow, deliverables and business model between your company and your client's company. 

Freshbooks defines how to write a client contract here for US companies, but it is relevant for companies worldwide. An essential part of your agreement is the payment terms, including repercussions when a company misses its due date. These are called the financial penalties for late payment. 

The more detrimental the effects are of the financial and legal penalties, the more leverage you have as you move forward in the commercial debt collection process. However, avoid making the contract too complicated so that it's either hard to understand, hard to enforce or unnecessarily long. Sometimes, the best agreements are pretty short but contain precisely the right points. 

According to the UK Late Payment Law, you can claim statutory interest of 8% per annum and debt recovery costs if another business defaults on the agreed payment terms. Some companies set their own late payment penalties, which are much higher than the statutory amount mentioned above, as follows; 

• Monthly interest (2 – 4%, depending on the invoice amount being charged), 
• A flat late payment fee instead of an interest rate, 
• A clause that states if you have to incur any third-party services such as a commercial debt collection agency, the cost will be the client's responsibility,
• An invoice admin fee per each invoice. 

However, make sure not to charge excessive amounts. Always stick to your country's laws because if you enter into a legal recovery, you could lose if a court deems your measures overly arduous or extreme.

Book a Meeting With Our Experts to Create a Strong Agreement

Commercial Debt Collection Steps

Commercial debt collection companies tend to work on a "no win, no fee" or "contingency" basis. Contingency means that they are only paid if they recover the debt. 

Before you instruct a commercial debt collector: 

• Initiate and document your process, 
• Don't immediately threaten legal pressure, 
• Remember, you're dealing with a human being, 
• Use the effects of psychology to your advantage.

Think about what you'll say and how they'll impact that person into doing what's right (paying their debt). Instead of immediately threatening legal action, try the following: 

1. Engage with the debtor. Send an email reminding them of their contractually binding payment obligations and the balance due. Ask for a response and issue a deadline.
2. Elevate your efforts with daily phone calls if you have not received a response in a week. Again, reminding of the balance due and even offering a payment plan. 
3. If there isn't any dialogue or effort after another week, increase the 'threat' by adding interest, admin fees, or any other warranted fees. 
4. Remind your client that if you must involve a commercial debt collector or lawyer, the fees might be their responsibility (depending on the terms), increasing what they owe.
5. The next step if these efforts fail should be to instruct a commercial debt collector. 
6. Legal recovery always comes after you have exhausted the "free options", i.e.: already tried recovering the debt using a commercial debt collection agent. 

The key is not to make empty threats. For example, don't immediately threaten legal action without first consulting with a lawyer or researching your available legal remedies, the cost and chances of success. As you work through the process, keep in mind how your actions will look to a lawyer or judge. 

If the case escalates and you must take it further, don't let your actions be the problem. Be responsible and use effective tactics. State the facts and avoid becoming argumentative. It's usually better to avoid legal action but If it comes down to it, consult with a lawyer. Investing in legal action can be costly, and there is no guarantee of success. There are many factors involved.

Contact Payfor for further Advice About Legal Recovery

Author: Giles Goodman, Founder CEO of Payfor Limited
Drawing from his solid experience in commercial debt collection, Giles
offers invaluable expertise in solving claims owed between companies worldwide. Through his writing,
Giles shares insights tailored to business owners, leveraging his wealth of experience to provide practical
guidance and support.

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